why are sumatran elephants endangered

In fact, more than 700 elephants have been moved to these centers. Presents unique case studies of 49 endangered species, which provide students with the conflicting issues surrounding conservation efforts. They are needed to keep the environment balance, and if they are extinct the ecosystem may be unbalance and it will also affect human life. With a stranger appearance to their African cousins, the Sumatran Elephant is almost completely bald with small rounded ears. Sumatran Rhino is the smallest of rhinos; and hairy just like a bear. Only 275 Sumatran rhinos are left in this world. Numerous international organizations are pressuring the government of Sumatra, as well as many other governments in the area, to put harder laws on poaching and to up the ante on . Sumatran elephant, which has a scientific name Elephas maximus sumatranus, is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant and also native to the Indonesia island of Sumatra.. Island Elephants offers a rare insight into the Critically Endangered Sumatran elephant and the urgent steps being taken to secure its future in the wild. The main cause of this situation is because this animal is threatened by habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation which makes the forest becomes too small to contain viable elephant populations. The males still max out around 310 pounds and 8 feet long, though some can be as small as 165 pounds (mainly females). This National Park is one of the largest areas in Sumatra that is large enough to support a viable population of elephants. Perhaps the most endangered species in Leuser is the Sumatran rhino, which have dwindled to less than 80 individuals. Moreover, hundreds of elephants are dead or loss in all of Riau Province since 2000 as the result of capturing this large animal that is reputed as a pest. This mostly because the Sumatran Elephants have significant reduction in population number as indicated by the loss of over 69% of its potential habitat in just one generation . Conservation Biology in Sub-Saharan Africa comprehensively explores the challenges and potential solutions to key conservation issues in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since 2012, Sumatran elephants have been considered a critically endangered species by the U.S.F.W.S.. Half of their population has been lost in just one generation due to habitat loss and conflicts with humans. Found inside – Page 260In 2011, the Sumatran elephant was classified as “critically endangered” (A2c) by IUCN as the population has declined by at least 80% over the last three generations (~75 years). Estimates in 2007 were in the range of 2400–2800 ... You need to add the endangered status information from the IUCN Red List as I mentioned in class, and again, center your images and make sure they have captions. The only predator of baby Sumatran elephant is a Sumatran tiger.. More than two thirds of Sumatra's lowland forests have been destroyed in the last 25 years… Because of the destruction to make room for the plantations, The elephant population declined by 80 percent in 25 years. The primary threats to the Sumatran elephant population are poaching, degradation, habitat loss, and fragmentation. According to CNN, the population of Sumatran elephants has decreased 80 percent since the 1930s. Seeds of plants in a large mammal’s droppings will spread to the rest of the forest area in its path and help the regeneration of natural forests. “A stunningly beautiful book as well as an eloquent appeal and a consciousness raiser.” — The Horn Book Tigers, ground iguanas, partula snails, and even white-rumped vultures are in danger of disappearing altogether. Winner of the Sierra Club's 2021 Rachel Carson Award "At once thoughtful and thought-provoking,” Beloved Beasts tells the story of the modern conservation movement through the lives and ideas of the people who built it, making “a ... Threats. They trample homes, raid plantations and ruin crops, and sometimes hurt or kill people. Knowing this endangered Sumatran Elephant makes us know Indonesia more. Request Answer. Sumatran elephants, a critically endangered animal, feed on a variety of plants. Sumatran rhinos are the smallest of the living rhinoceroses and the only Asian rhino with two horns. The species is listed as critically endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Sumatran elephants are herbivores. Key behaviour of the Sumatran Elephant includes: The species sings duets for bonding and mating. These elephants can be only found on Sumatra, and latest estimates say how there are only between 2200-2700 Sumatran elephants still living in a wild. Why are Asian Elephants Endangered? Sumatran elephants have a lifespan of 60 - 75 years in the wild. The Death Rates of Sumatran Elephants Are Staggering. All of the limiting factors that have contributed to the rapid decline of Sumatran elephants have been directly related to human influence. Usually, the female Sumatran elephant is smaller than the males and have short or even no tusks. In one day, the elephant consumes about 150 kg of food and 180 liters of water and requires a cruising area up to 20 square kilometers per day. More than two thirds of Sumatra’s lowland forests have been destroyed in the last 25 years and about 70% of the Sumatran elephant’s habitat has been taken from them in one generation. Recently, a calf was born to an endangered woman in Indonesia, only the fifth born in a century and a half. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The estimated population in 2007 was about 2400-2800 elephants, but it would be also declined rapidly because their habitat is smaller and slaughtering may still continue. Logging is the primary threat to orangutan habitat. Rapid human development has lead to the deforestation of the Sumatran Elephant’s land. Characteristics of Population - Endangered Sumatran elephants. Sumatran elephants are herbivores, so their diet revolves around berries, fruits, bananas, tree barks, wild herbs, and coconut plants' young leaves. Based on the expertise of 36 scientists and clinical veterinarians, this volume covers biology, husbandry, veterinary medicine and surgery of the elephant as known today. Sumatran elephants are the smallest of all Asian elephants. These birds use elephants as an advantage point to spot prey and to pick off ticks, lice or endoparasites that get attached to . Conservation. The diet of Sumatran elephants also includes about 53 gallons (200 liters) of water in a day. Then, due to its tropical climate, thousands of unique species live there. 25 years as a single generation (sensu IUCN 2001) for Asian Elephants, then over 69% of potential Sumatran Elephant habitat has been lost within just one generation (the last 25 years) and the driving forces that are causing the habitat loss are still continuing essentially unchecked.” The quote just stated, officially declares the critical endangerment of the Sumatran Elephant. View wordpressdotcom’s profile on Twitter. Why is the Sumatran tiger so much smaller than the rest of the tiger kingdom? Covering geographic areas from Southeast Asia and Australia to Madagascar and the New World, this volume summarizes what is known about the ecology, management, restoration, socioeconomics, and conservation of fragmented forests. Courtesy of Nonprofit Organizations via Flickr. The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.In 2011, IUCN upgraded the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered in its Red List as the population had declined by at least 80% during the past three generations, estimated to be about 75 . Wildlife in a Changing World presents an analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [toggle title=”Related Link”], © Factsofindonesia.com -All Right Reserved. They also benefit the other species that share the habitat with them and help them thrive in a healthy habitat. Threats. We will discuss about its characteristic, behavior, and the conservation. The population of Sumatran Elephants in 1985, were at a peak of almost 5,000. Not only this, but their population has reduced to around 2500 in very limited areas which has increased human and elephant interaction and conflicts. The Sumatran Rhino species once found throughout South East Asia are now only found in Malaysia and Indonesia. Elephants and animal feed. Sumatra is the Southeast Asian island that is located on the Equator and becomes a home to some of the world’s most diverse rain forest. The main cause of the Sumatran Elephants near extinction, is because of their limited land and resources. The elephants inhabit the forests of Sumatra, an island that has experienced the highest rates of deforestation in the Asian Elephant's range. Over half of their habitat in the lowland Sumatran forests has been lost to human use in the past 25 years. Sumatran elephant, a subspecies of an Asian elephant, is the most endangered type of elephant. Study guides. They are covered with long hair and are more closely related to the extinct woolly rhinos than any of the other rhino species alive today. As well as being a tourist attraction, the endangered elephants are . Deforestation and Habitat Loss. The population in Bukit Barisan Selatan Nasional Park was estimated 498 individuals, while the population in Way Kambas National Park was estimated 180 individuals. Due to the deforestation in Sumatra, it’s not uncommon for elephants to come in contact with humans and cause trouble. The elephants, having no where to turn, are confined into small patches of the forest that are not at all suitable for long term survival. The author of The Frog Scientist showcases the work of the Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project in “an outstanding science nature title” (Kirkus Reviews, starred review) Mountain gorillas are playful, curious, and protective of their ... Expect plenty more of what made the first two books so successful - unpredictable nonsense beasts, irreverent jokes, a diary-style record of the creative mayhem, and around 100 spectacular illustrations by Ralph of critically endangered ... See also: Sumatran Tigers – Indonesia Orangutan. These are all reasons that the population of the Sumatran elephant is approaching zero. The population of Sumatran elephant has decreased about 80% over the last 75 years. The most significant threats facing the Sumatran tiger include poaching and habitat loss. Why Endangered. Okay, I definitely need to fix that. In one generation, half of the Elephants population has decreased, due to habitat loss. Now fewer than 100 people are estimated. In 2011, IUCN upgraded the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered in its Red List as… We know that there are some endangered animals in the world, and one of them is Endangered Sumatran Elephant. Sumatran Elephants Essay. Seven hundred concise, clearly written articles, accompanied by more than one thousand full-color photographs, provide authoritative information on mammals from each of the twenty-one orders, covering anatomy, breeding habits, behavior, ... Sumatran Elephants are suffering primarily due to habitat loss in the form of deforestation. The other different between Sumatran elephant that the other elephant are the tip of their trunk has one finger-like process and their back is convex or level. One of three subspecies of the Asian elephant, the Sumatran Elephant is found only in the Western Indonesian island of Sumatra. The Sumatran elephant has been uplisted from "endangered" to "critically endangered" after losing nearly 70 per cent of its habitat and half its population in one generation. Generally smaller than African elephants, the Sumatran subspecies typically reaches a shoulder height of 6.6 to 10.5 feet, weighs between 4,400 and 8,800 pounds and can live up to 70 years in captivity. Critically endangered, these majestic elephants could be wiped out if we don't act soon. They can weigh up to 5tonnes and reach 9ft in height! Elephants will take routes that penetrate into the settlements of citizens that can cause conflicts. Currently poaching, habitat loss due to deforestation in Sumatran and Borneo, illegal hunting, and illegal logging all threaten the existence of… Sumatra's high deforestation rates have driven the elephants into . Asian elephants are differentiated from African elephants by its smaller body size and highest body point on the head by. The future of the rare Sumatran elephant is at risk from habitat loss and it could be wiped out within 30 years, says top conservation group WWF. Those affected often kill or seriously harm the elephants to keep their attacks at bay. Here are eight reasons why we need to stop cutting down our forests and preserve the habitat of these magnificent creatures. In just 25 years, from 1980 to 2005, 80 percent of Indonesia's old-growth forests were . The Sumatran elephant population has already been halved in a generation and almost 70% of its habitat has been lost due to deforestation and plantations, the environmental group says. Through this article we learn that human is the major factor of the extinction. Last recorded, in 2014, the population reached an all time low of around 1,600. They also share their lush forest habitat with several other endangered species, such as the Sumatran rhino, tiger, and orangutan, and countless other species that all benefit from an elephant population that thrives in a healthy habitat. In 2012, Sumatran Elephants population status was changed from endangered, to critically endangered. Within a single elephant generation, more than a third of their jungle habitat of the critically endangered Sumatran elephant has disappeared, mainly to make way for palm plantations, leaving the elephants down to their last 2,500. This Action Plan considers elephant populations across Asia on the basis of size and provides recommendations to enhance their long-term survival. A subspecies of the Asian elephant, the Sumatran's conservation status was upgraded by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 2011 from endangered to critically endangered because . Palm oil plantations are the main driver behind the deforestation, bringing the current population to an estimated 2,400-2,800 in the wild . Sumatran elephants feed on a variety of plants and deposit seeds wherever they go, contributing to a healthy forest ecosystem. They are on the final edge to extinction. The Sumatran Elephant is listed as Critically Endangered. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. The future of the rare Sumatran elephant is at risk from habitat loss and it could be wiped out within 30 years, says top conservation group WWF. This subspecies is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to poaching, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict. Loggers have cut trees at a rapid pace during recent years. Deforestation is taking heavy toll in Indonesia for more than a decade . Therefore, in 2012, the earlier "Endangered" status of the Sumatran Elephant had to be changed to "Critically Endangered" on the IUCN Red List. In 2012, the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant was upgraded from endangered to critically endangered because half of its population had had been lost in one generation, a decline that is largely due to habitat loss and as a . The forest of Sumatra is among the most biologically habitats on earth and high numbers of unique plants and animals may be found there. Changing Sumatra's future - The Sumatran jungle is unique in that it is the only one across the globe where tigers, elephants, rhinos and orangutans co-exist. Sponsored by many international agencies. Why are Sumatran elephants endangered? The Indian elephant has the largest range, while the Sri Lankan is restricted to a few parts of the island. The species has polygynous relationships due to the limited number of individuals remaining. Sumatran tigers are critically endangered and according to the latest estimates there are currently less than 500 Sumatran tigers living in the wild. Sumatra is currently experiencing heavy deforestation. The characteristics of a population includes population density, distribution and dispersion. Those threats are poaching, deforestation, and human-elephant conflict. Add an answer. Mutualism is a relationship in which both species benefit from the interaction. The Sumatran elephant ( Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesia island of Sumatra. Change ). Population density is the measurement of a population per unit area or unit . ), (The photo above shows two Elephants, one baby and one mother, being held in captivity). This book deals with the monitoring of fauna, related diseases, and interactions with humans. It is intended to assist and support the professional worker in wildlife management. The maximum longevity of Sumatran elephant in the wild is around 60 years. However, this area of lowland dipterocarp forest is rich in diversity, and a camera trap study undertaken in 2015 revealed the presence of many terrestrial mammals including elephants, tigers clouded . They may grow until 5-9 feet at the shoulder with length up to 20 feet and weight approximately 5 tons. See also : Bird of Paradise – Indonesian National Flower, 2. In 2012, the Sumatran elephant was changed from "Endangered" to "Critically Endangered" because half of its population has been lost in one generation—a decline that is largely due to habitat loss and as a result human-elephant conflict. Representing National Geographic's Photo Ark - a major cross-platform initiative and lifelong project by a veteran photographer to make portraits of the world's animals, especially those that are endangered - this showcase of 600 photos ... (Pictured above are three Elephants making their way through their natural habitat). Almost all of these animals have non-visible tusks. ( Log Out /  This includes roads, railways and settlements. I’ll come during my free or anytime that works when Im back at school to put them in the correct order. Rapid human development has lead to . Describes the illegal trafficking of elephant ivory and rhinoceros horns and the implications for these endangered animals. The last record of this species shows that there are about 300s Sumatran Tiger left in Indonesia. The Sumatran elephant is considered critically endangered at this time according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The species breeds around every 2 years which is considerably shorter than most gibbons. Unfortunately, the Sumatran elephant’s population in its habitat is only 2,400-2800 and is classified as critically endangered by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) in 2011. The IUCN Red List classified Sumatran Tigers as critically endangered in 1996. The book offers over 100 fascinating facts about: Black Rhino Mountain Gorilla Leatherback Turtle Sumatran Elephant Vaquita Porpoise Galapagos Penguin Red Panda Bengal Tiger Black-Footed Ferret African Wild Dog These animals are just a ... Found inside – Page 51... nor tolerate the multinationals like BP who return to the scene of the crime knowing the implications.96 The critically endangered Sumatran elephant will not likely see the end of the twenty-first century, and the reason is because ... An example of mutualism are egret and piapiac birds. Sumatran rhinos were once abundant throughout Southeast Asia. Logging Orangutan Habitat. Why are Sumatran elephant endangered? Leaves. The status of Sumatran Elephant has been escalated from endangered into critically endangered by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List in 2012. In 2004, there is Tesso Nilo National Park that has been established in Riau Province to protect Sumatran elephant’s habitat. Sumatra Island is one of the areas with the worst deforestation rate in the world and makes elephant’s population decreased faster than the forest. You should try to find how many of your animals exist today, and add that information to this page as well. This article examines why the species is so close to extinction. So we need to fix that next week. Sadly, fewer than 400 Sumatran tigers are estimated to remain in the wild. Talia, this page has great information and images. As in the case of the African rhinos, the threats to the Asian rhinos stem from poaching for the horn, the primary demand for which is in traditional Chinese medicine but which is also a speculator's commodity in several consumer nations.